Pot type liquid fuel burner for unit heaters



Feb. 28, 1950 M N ET AL 2,498,817

POT TYPE LIQUID FUEL BURNER FOR UNIT HEATERS Filed Jan. 11, 1946 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Feb. 28, 1950 e. R. NEUMANN ET AL POT TYPE LIQUID FUEL BURNER FOR UNIT HEATERS Filed Jan. 11, 1946 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 fizz/eni ma? 6607198 manta Jan Iagg'ene FFczrreZZ Patented Feb. 28, 1950 POT TYPE LIQUID F 1 UN I I HEATERS George R. Neumann,

Farrell; Grosse Point St. Clair ShoresQEugene e Woods, and Edward J.

Effinger, Ferndale, MiclL, ais'signors to Bo'r'gtion of Illinois Warner Corporation, Chicago, 111., a corpora- Application January 11, 1946, Serial "No. 640,536

2 Claims.

-The present invention relates to unit heaters, and has more particular referenceto a burner construction for heaters for burning liquid-fuel.

One o'f'the rincipal objects of this invention is to simplify the construction of a liquid "fuel burner such as contemplated herein, and to improve the emcienoy, operation and dependability or such "a burner.

Another principal object is to provide an-Jarrange-merit for burning liquid fuel'wherein an auxiliary air supply in addition "to the primary air, is injected directly into the gases in'th'e upper region of a vaporizing chamber.

Still another principal 'objecthereof is to provide a'pil'ot flame baffle arrangement for effecting a more complete ignition of the vaporized cases as they leave 'thevaporizing chamber and enter the combustion chamber.

Another object is to provide an auxiliary air supply passageway in the upper region "of the vaporizing chamber of an oil burnin unit which passageway is so arranged that it provides a pilot fiai'ne bane directly across the "vaporizing them;- her and which effects a control of the 'di i'e'tidn'df movement of vaporized gases into the combustion chamber. The present arrangement such that it supplies such gases with heated extraneous an for increasing combustion. thereof.

Another'objectis to provide a. plurality of air jets that are adapted to supply heated atmos pheric air, (from outside the heater) to the central region of the liquid fuel'bowl or basin o'f an oil burner; thus to prevent accumulation and cracking of any considerable volume of' stagnant rich'gases which may result in the formation of carbon. A

Additional objects, aims and advantages o'f'tl i'e invention contemplated herein will be apparent to ersons skilled in the art after the construction and operation of the arrangement 'is understood 'frbm'th'e Within description.

Fig; 3 is a central vertical section or theburner assegioly, the view being taken along line 3-3 on Fig.

Fig. "4 is atop plan of the burner assernbly,'the view being alon line t-fi' on Fig. 5 and artly broken away; and

Fig. 5 a vertical longitudinal section of "the burner assembly when taken along line ti-5 on Fig. '4.

The drawings are "to be understood as being more or less of a schematic character for the purpose of disclosing "a typical or preferred embodiment "of the improvements contemplated herein; and "in these drawings like reference characters identify the same parts in the differentviews. V

Referringfirst tov Figs. 1 and 2, the 'unit heater or heat exchanger I'll comprises a cabinet formed of a; plurality of vertical walls I l, H arranged to. provide "a hollow rectangular "cabinet that is closed by a top wall l2. In the lower region of the cabinet there is a horizontal partition [3 diiding "the interior of "the cabinet into a large upper compartment A and a "smaller lower com p'artmen't 'B'. This partition has an elongated opening 14, and the e is an elongated opening 15 t'ow'ardthe rear of the partition. The top plate orwail 12' isprovided withan elongated opening above partition opening Piano anair circulating tube l'l "extends between. and connects these rectangular openings Aflue connection or outlet collar rflfsurrounds anopening in the back Wall of the cabinet for discharge of the products of combustion to the chimney. As seen "in Fig. '2, the base of the cabinet has aplurality'of feet "I! that support it'abovethe' floorin order to permit air to enter" beneath the Walls" 'I I. This air is adapted to circulate aro inda heater unit in the flower compartment B where his preheated and then passes up through the air circulating tube 11 as indicated by the arrows; where "it isiurtner It is preferred to accomplish the numerous ob- 'je'cts hereof and to practice theinventioninsiibstantially themanner hereinafter 'fully described, and as more particularly pointed out in theappended claims. Reference is'nowmadeto the "aocompanying drawings that form a part hereof, in which:

Fig. l 'isa top plan-of a unit heater showing the present improvements therein;

Fig. 2 is a vertical transverse section of the structure shown in tial raised in tem erature and discharges through opening It'i'nto the space being heated.

The burner assembly, designated generaily as '20, ismoi n'ted' in'aipendant manner on the front portion or the partition "[3 with its cylindrical "combustion chambersialignedwiththe opening f4 "insaid partition. Thisburner'assembly'is shown in detail in Figs. '4 and5J. Thefburnerpr'eferably comprises a basin-like vaporizing chamber having, a "covmwardiy bowed "bottom plate 21 and an upstanding-anmiiarwan12a- In theupperre gion of annular wall 22 there is a plurality of apertures 23 which supply primary combustion air to the vaporizing chamber. A cover plate 24 extends across the top of the vaporizing chamber and is secured thereto by seamin the margins of said cover plate and upstanding walls as at 25.

Liquid fuel is supplied to the basin through a pipe connection 26, the flow of this fuel being controlled by a metering valve 26a so that a small pool or puddle of liquid fuel is maintained in the bottom of the basin. The closure plate 24 has spaced circular openings in it, and cylindrical combustion chamber walls 21 are secured in these openings by heading and flanging said cylindrical walls around the edges of the openings as at 28. walls are flanged as at 29 and are secured by welding or otherwise to a plate 30 which in turn is welded or otherwise secured to the partition l3 at the opening l4 therein. a

The front of the vaporizing chamber has an offset portion 3| as shown clearly in Figs. 3 and 4 which has an opening in its upper portion that is closed by a hinged door 32. This provides suitable means whereby a flame may be inserted into the vaporizing chamber to ignite the pond or puddle of liquid fuel therein. The cylindrical walls 21 of the combustion chambers are of reticulated form, that is preferably made by providing a plurality of small holes 33 therein for admitting secondary combustion air into these chambers for promoting combustion of the gases arising from the vaporizing chamber. These ignited gases or flames pass upward into the chamber A of the cabinet where they continue to burn and circulate around the air tube l1 in The upper portions of the cylindrical the manner shown by the wavy arrows in Fig. 2. I

The fresh air which has been preheated in chamber B circulates through tube I1 where 'its temperature is raised to the desired degree by contact with said tube and it then passes out of the cabinet through discharge openings 86." The path of travel of the heated air is indicated by plain arrows.

The pilot flame bailie means C which supplies auxiliary air to the gases or vaporized fuel arising from the puddle in the vaporizing chamber comprises an arrangement having a generally 7 hour-glass shape as seen in Fig. 4. This baffle A C is mounted in a plane below the combustion chamber walls 21 and it preferably hangs pendant from the cover plate 24 of the vaporizing chamber. The plane of the horizontal axis of this bafile C is tangent to both the combustion chamber walls 21 and said bafi'le extends horizontally from front to rear across the vaporizing chamber as seen in Fig. 3. p

The baflle C, which is also an auxiliary air device comprises rather short sidewalls 34 depending in spaced relation to each other from the plate 24, and, as shown in Fig. 4, these walls are horizontally spaced apart and bow or curv'e inwardly toward each other in long sweeping arcs so as to effect an hour-glass formation in horizontal section. The lower margins of the bowed side walls 34 are joined by a bottom wall 35 and the upper margins of said walls have outturned flanges 36 (Fig.4) that are welded or otherwise secured to the under face of plate 24'. Small apertures 31 are made in the bowed vertical walls 34 to provide air jets which discharge into the vaporizing chamber in the upper region thereof. Thesejets of air are close to the entrances to thecombustion chamber walls 21 so 4 that extraneous air is commingled with the conibustible gases entering the combustion chamber walls 21 from the vaporizing chamber and thereby materially increase the combustion of said gases. Inlet ports 38 are made in the plate 24 to admit extraneous air into the end regions of the hour-glass passageway formed by the walls of the pilot flame bafiie. The air entering the hour-glasspassageway becomes heated therein and therefore increases rather than decreases combustion of the burning gases. The arrangement is such that this bafile tends to divide the gases by directing or piloting them toward the inlets to the combustion chambers and thereby prevents stagnation in the circulation of the combustible gases with the resultant formation of carbon.

The structure described above is preferably made of sheet metal. In operation there is a rapid transfer of heat from the burning gases and other products of combustion to the air which is being circulated through the heater so that said air is quickly raised in temperature and is distributed through the top of the circulator tube 11 from which it is discharged into the apartment or other space being heated.

While this invention has been described in detail in a preferred form or embodiment, it will be apparent to persons skilled in the art, after understanding the improvements, that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit or scope thereof It is aimed in the appended claims to cover all such changes and modifications.

We claim:

1. In a burner assembly for heating devices and the like including a liquid fuel basin-shaped vaporizing chamber having an upstanding side wall arranged to carry a top wall, means arranged to supply liquid fuel to the vaporizing chamber, and spaced combustion chambers having upstanding side walls operatively disposed above the vaporizing chamber and having portions thereof arranged in open communication with portions of the vaporizing chamber, those improvements which comprise a bottom wall and perforate side walls depending from said top wall and defining an auxiliar air supply passageway extending across said vaporizing chamber in the upper regions thereof and between the spaced combustion chambers, the top wall of the vaporizing chamber having inlet ports adjacent the ends of the passageway for admitting extraneous air thereto.

2. In a burner assembly for heating devices, a bottom wall and an upstanding perforate wall defining a liquid fuel vaporizing chamber having a top wall, means arranged to supply liquid fuel to the vaporizing chamber, and spaced combustion chambers having upstanding side walls operatively disposed above the vaporizing cham-; ber and having portions thereof arranged in open communication with portions of the vaporizing chamber, in combination with a bottom wall and perforate side walls depending from said top wall and defining an auxiliary air supply passageway extending across said vaporizing cham-' her in the upper regions thereof and between the spaced combustion chambers.

(References on following page) REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS 5 Number Name Date 1,222,346 Adams Apr. 10, 1917 2,120,291 Morin June 14, 1938 2,240,224 Nance Apr. 19, 1941 m Number 

